An oligopoly does not set terms against persons. It sets terms against categories. The person is what the category was built to replace. ALL MODELS ARE WRONG, BUT SOME ARE USEFUL. The statistician George Box wrote this in 1976, and it is the axiom this entire essay rests on. A model is a simplification. It…
The colonial regime that could not be discontinued, and the category that became the constitution The first argument described a lag. The second described an export. This one describes a continuity. Europe’s colonial regimes were, for the most part, discontinued. Decolonization was an event—sometimes negotiated, sometimes violent, always a rupture. The metropole withdrew, the colonial…